Browsing by Author "Kangassalo, Petri"

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3D visualisations for communicative urban and landscape planning: What systematic mapping of academic literature can tell us of their potential?
(2023-06) Eilola, Salla; Jaalama, Kaisa; Kangassalo, Petri; Nummi, Pilvi; Staffans, Aija; Fagerholm, Nora
A2 Katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Public participation and collaboration supported by the opportunities that digital technologies offer are prolific themes in urban and landscape planning. In the past two decades, there has been a growing interest in the capacity of 3D visualisations to support citizen and stakeholder engagement in communicative planning processes. However, the technical advances of 3D visualisations still outstrip the current understanding of their benefits, appropriate uses and usability in practical planning contexts. There are no reviews or systematic mapping of literature, to our knowledge, that investigate the available evidence on the usability of particular 3D visualisations or that document the scope and gaps in current research on 3D applications in communicative planning. To answer this need we conducted a systematic mapping of academic literature reporting recent case studies of 3D visualisations that have been utilised or developed for communicative urban and landscape planning contexts. We follow established guidelines for systematic reviews and used Scopus and Web of Science as primary electronic databases. Altogether, we reviewed 46 case studies globally. Our findings highlight the heterogeneity of planning contexts and purposes, terminology and technological 3D solutions. Moreover, the scarcity of real-life planning cases and robust and well-documented usability evaluations are evident in the literature. We discuss limitations of the existing academic literature for evidence-based understanding and suggest a common framework for reporting in the field of participatory and collaborative 3D visualisations to enable more rigorous and systematic evaluation of the usability and benefits of these technologies in urban and landscape planning.
An Emergence of a Planning Support System for Collaborative Urban Planning Through a User-Centred Design Approach: The Case of “Virtual Green Planner”
(2024-11-14) Tan, Xunran; Nummi, Pilvi; Kangassalo, Petri
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
In contrast to traditional public participation methods in planning, digital tools need to be developed by information technology experts which means the public cannot customise their approaches to participation without IT expertise. This study examines the effectiveness of a user-centred design approach in developing a planning support system for collaborative urban planning. The findings show that tool developers play a crucial role in shaping the tool, while users could provide inputs through user research conducted by the researchers. A systemic challenge between tool developers, users, researchers, and funders is revealed.
Narrowing the Implementation Gap : User-Centered Design of New E-Planning Tools
(2022-12) Nummi, Pilvi; Prilenska, Viktorija; Grisakov, Kristi; Fabritius, Henna; Ilves, Laugren; Kangassalo, Petri; Staffans, Aija; Tan, Xunran
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Developing new digital tools to fit the needs of communicative urban and green area planning requires understanding of the various prospective user groups, the different contexts of use, the planning tasks, and the communicative activities at hand. However, it is not self-evident that user research can be applied in research and innovation projects with limited human and time resources. In this article, a user-centered design (UCD) approach is applied in the development of new collaborative 3D tools for urban and green area planning in a multidisciplinary research team in the GreenTwins project. This research shows how essential it is to select easy-to-learn user research methods, identify the knowledge needs for tool development, and ensure that user insight is transmitted to development. In the GreenTwins project, this was achieved by applying a simple UCD framework (PACT) and engaging the research and development team in the process. Despite the challenges, the results show that the methodology used was beneficial.
Sipoon viher- ja virkistysaluestrategia
(2012) Kangassalo, Petri
School of Arts, Design and Architecture | Master's thesis
There is no established policy for strategic planning of green spaces and recreation areas in Finland. Some green space and recreation area specific targets have been occasionally defined in generic land-use planning strategies. Green space programs primarily address green space and recreation area specific management issues but some green space programs also define strategic targets. Green space and recreation area as well as strategy and program terms are used variably. Green space and recreation area strategy is needed especially in a developing municipality like Sipoo, where the allocation of resources for planning and management of green spaces and recreation areas is required. The goal of the master's thesis was to clarify the usage of terms associated with green spaces and recreation areas, to present a general view of the Finnish green space and recreation area planning system, to discuss the theory of green space and recreation area planning, to present foreign examples of green space and recreation area strategies and to develop a green space and recreation area strategy for Sipoo municipality based on above-mentioned knowledge. The creation of the strategy began with a comprehensive analysis of the present state of municipal green spaces and recreation areas in addition to other data useful for the strategy. One essential method was extensive interaction. User and actor inquiries investigated the needs of green space and recreation area users. Interviews of the municipal officials supplemented the analysis. Preliminary strategic targets were set based on initial data. Municipal officials, neighbouring municipalities and regional councils were requested to comment the preliminary strategic targets. Part of the interaction was also a discussion meeting arranged with municipal citizens and other participants. The strategy draft was displayed and several actors were requested to comment it. A theory part about the strategic planning of green spaces and recreation areas supplemented the master's thesis. The vision for Sipoo green space and recreation area strategy is supported by specific goals, measures, procedures and responsible departments set for zoning, planning, construction, management, and protection of areas and handling of water. The division to different branches structures the strategic targets. Clearly designated remits help achieve shared goals. The periodization of measures supports their systematic realization. Many principles and procedures for strategic planning can be adapted for the creation of a green space and recreation area strategy. A strategy has to be based on sufficient analysis and interaction. The importance of interaction is emphasized by the large number of participants and the lack of established policies. It is essential for the realization of the strategy that people involved with the strategy work include persons who are familiar with the organization and are able to work for the realization of the strategy within the organization. Good green space and recreation area strategies is based on complete initial data, considers the needs of all the participants and presents the goals for green space and recreation area development in a summarized and clearly form.