Browsing by Author "Fang, Liang"
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- The evolutionary phases of knowledge transfer and inter-organizational competitive advantage in Finnish-Chinese strategic alliances in the diagnostics industry
Helsinki University of Technology | Master's thesis(2007) Fang, LiangGlobalization has changed and will continue to shape the ways firms carry out their profit-seeking activities. However, going it alone into a new country or business sector is always full of unpredictable risks. A possible way to lower such risks is to form alliances and networks. Among various motivations to do so, technology transfer is one of the most important, especially in a cross-border context. But, alliance also has a high failure rate. Why? What is in pre- and post-formation alliances dynamics to affect its success? How does knowledge transfer take place across the borders between partners with different cultural and social backgrounds? How should partners learn in such processes to improve their alliance management capability in order to create and sustain the inter-organizational competitive advantage (Dyer and Singh, 1998)? These issues are of great interest both to organization and strategic management theorists and decision-makers and practitioners in every day alliance management. The inspiration and motivation of this thesis also come from these questions. The aim of the study is to add some knowledge from a new theoretical perspective to the understanding of cross-cultural alliance management with knowledge transfer as an important initiative in the forming and evolution of alliances. On top of that, reflection on the past gives us opportunities to learn in real life situations. From what has been shown in the case study, the researcher hopes to bring new thoughts to both Finnish and Chinese managers in their future roles in day-to-day cross-border alliance management. These two aims eventually form also the theoretical and managerial contributions of this study. Theoretically, it is an attempt to study the relational view (Dyer and Singh, 1998) in an integrated and dynamic framework with concepts of knowledge transfer, learning, relational behaviour change and alliance performance. Managerially, the researcher believes that in a company's evolution, a strategic vision, including that for alliances, is anyhow important; no matter it is related to a particular alliance or not. Thus, the researcher proposes from her Chinese perspectives that, it is better off for western companies to have a vision to treat their alliances in China as a window to the whole market and a learning-and-unlearning opportunity with the local partners. The gaining and sustaining of inter-organizational competitive advantage actually comes from such a vision. - Low‐Power Continuous‐Wave Second Harmonic Generation in Semiconductor Nanowires
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä(2018-10) Yuan, Qingchen; Fang, Liang; Yang, He; Gan, Xuetao; Khayrudinov, Vladislav; Lipsanen, Harri; Sun, Zhipei; Zhao, JianlinSemiconductor nanowires (NWs) are promising for realizing various on‐chip nonlinear optical devices, due to their nanoscale lateral confinement and strong light–matter interaction. However, high‐intensity pulsed pump lasers are typically needed to exploit their optical nonlinearity because light couples poorly with nanometric‐size wires. Here, microwatts continuous‐wave light pumped second harmonic generation (SHG) in AlGaAs NWs is demonstrated by integrating them with silicon planar photonic crystal cavities. Light–NW coupling is enhanced effectively by the extremely localized cavity mode at the subwavelength scale. Strong SHG is obtained even with a continuous‐wave laser excitation with a pump power down to urn:x-wiley:18638880:media:lpor201800126:lpor201800126-math-0001W, and the cavity‐enhancement factor is estimated around 150. Additionally, in the integrated device, the NW's SHG is more than two orders of magnitude stronger than third harmonic generations in the silicon slab, though the NW only couples with less than 1% of the cavity mode. This significantly reduced power requirement of NW's nonlinear frequency conversion would promote NW‐based building blocks for nonlinear optics, especially in chip‐integrated coherent light sources, entangled photon pairs and signal processing devices. - Mode couplings of a semiconductor nanowire scanning across a photonic crystal nanocavity
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä(2019-06-10) Yuan, Qingchen; Fang, Liang; Zhao, Qiang; Wang, Yadong; Mao, Bo; Khayrudinov, Vladislav; Lipsanen, Harri; Sun, Zhipei; Zhao, Jianlin; Gan, XuetaoThe position-dependent mode couplings between a semiconductor nanowire (NW) and a planar photonic crystal (PPC) nanocavity are studied. By scanning anNWacross a PPC nanocavity along the hexagonal lattice's Γ -M and M - K directions, the variations of resonant wavelengths, quality factors, and mode volumes in both fundamental and second-order resonant modes are calculated, implying optimal configurations for strong mode-NW couplings and light-NW interactions. For the fundamental (second-order) resonant mode, scanning anNWalong theM- K (Γ - M) direction is preferred, which supports stronger light-NW interactions with larger NW-position tolerances and higher quality factors simultaneously. The simulation results are confirmed experimentally with good agreements. - Nanowire-assisted microcavity in a photonic crystal waveguide and the enabled high-efficiency optical frequency conversions
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä(2020-10-22) Gu, Linpeng; Fang, Liang; Yuan, Qingchen; Gan, Xuetao; Hao, Yang; Zhang, Xutao; Li, Juntao; Fang, Hanlin; Khayrudinov, Vladislav; Lipsanen, Harri; Sun, Zhipei; Zhao, JianlinWe report an indium phosphide nanowire (NW)-induced cavity in a silicon planar photonic crystal (PPC) waveguide to improve the light–NW coupling. The integration of NW shifts the transmission band of the PPC waveguide into the mode gap of the bare waveguide, which gives rise to a microcavity located on the NW section. Resonant modes with 푄 factors exceeding 103 are obtained. Leveraging on the high density of the electric field in the microcavity, the light–NW interaction is enhanced strongly for efficient nonlinear frequency conversion. Second-harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation in the NW are realized with a continuous-wave pump laser in a power level of tens of microwatts, showing a cavity-enhancement factor of 112. The hybrid integration structure of NW-PPC waveguide and the self-formed microcavity not only opens a simple strategy to effectively enhance light–NW interactions, but also provides a compact platform to construct NW-based on-chip active devices.