Browsing by Author "Aps, Robert"

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Next-generation smart response web (Ng-srw): An operational spatial decision support system for maritime oil spill emergency response in the gulf of Finland (baltic sea)
(2021-06-09) Fetissov, Mihhail; Aps, Robert; Goerlandt, Floris; Jänes, Holger; Kotta, Jonne; Kujala, Pentti; Szava-Kovats, Robert
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
The Baltic Sea is a unique and sensitive brackish-water ecosystem vulnerable to damage from shipping activities. Despite high levels of maritime safety in the area, there is a continued risk of oil spills and associated harmful environmental impacts. Achieving common situational awareness between oil spill response decision makers and other actors, such as merchant vessel and Vessel Traffic Service center operators, is an important step to minimizing detrimental effects. This paper presents the Next-Generation Smart Response Web (NG-SRW), a web-based application to aid decision making concerning oil spill response. This tool aims to provide, dynamically and interactively, relevant information on oil spills. By integrating the analysis and visualization of dynamic spill features with the sensitivity of environmental elements and value of human uses, the benefits of potential response actions can be compared, helping to develop an appropriate response strategy. The oil spill process simulation enables the response authorities to judge better the complexity and dynamic behavior of the systems and processes behind the potential environmental impact assessment and thereby better control the oil combat action.
Numerical modeling of marine circulation, pollution assessment and optimal ship routes
(2017) Zalesny, Vladimir; Agoshkov, Valeriy; Aps, Robert; Victor, Shutyaev; Zayachkovskiy, Anton; Goerlandt, Floris; Kujala, Pentti
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Methods and technology have been developed to solve a wide range of problems in the dynamics of sea currents and to assess their “impact” on objects in the marine environment. Technology can be used for monitoring and forecasting sea currents, for solving the problems of minimizing risks and analyzing marine disasters associated with the choice of the optimal course of the ship, and assessing the pollution of coastal zones, etc. The technology includes a numerical model of marine circulation with improved resolution of coastal zones, a method for solving the inverse problem of contamination of the sea with a passive impurity, and a variational algorithm for constructing the optimal trajectory of the vessel. The methods and technology are illustrated by solving problems of Baltic Sea dynamics. The model of sea dynamics is governed by primitive equations that are solved on a grid with an improved resolution of the selected coastal zone—in this case, the Gulf of Finland. The equations of the model are formulated in a bipolar orthogonal coordinate system with an arbitrary arrangement of poles and the sigma coordinate in the vertical direction. An increase in the horizontal resolution of the allocated zone is achieved due to the displacement of the north pole in the vicinity of the city of St. Petersburg. A class of dangerous technogenic situations and natural phenomena (sea accidents, which can be investigated with the help of the proposed methodology), includes tanker accidents in the case of a possible collision with a stationary object (with “dynamic danger”) or a moving object (including another ship), accidents on oil-producing platforms and oil pipelines, and coastal pollution.
Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis of Maritime Traffic Safety Management in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea)
(2017) Aps, Robert; Fetissov, Mihhail; Goerlandt, Floris; Kujala, Pentti; Piel, Are
A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
According to International Maritime Organization (IMO), the Baltic Sea Area has some of the densest maritime traffic in the world. The Baltic Sea was designated a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA) at IMO Marine Environment Protection Committee's 53rd session in July 2005. The Mandatory Ship Reporting System in the Gulf of Finland Traffic Area (GOFREP) was established by IMO in 2003 and has been in operation since 2004. The objective of this study in progress is 1) to outline the hierarchical structure of the maritime navigation safety management system from European to ship onboard level and 2) to apply the Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) to identify system level hazards and potentially unsafe ship speed and maneuvering control actions with respect to IMO Collision Regulations (COLREGs) Rules on ship safe speed, ship safe separation distances and the Traffic Separation Schemes requirements with the aim of evaluating the effective hazard control options to enable efficient updating of ship level situational awareness and the enforcement of safety constraints in real time.
Towards STAMP based dynamic safety management of eco-socio-technical maritime transport system
(2015) Aps, Robert; Fetissov, Mihhail; Goerlandt, Floris; Helferich, John; Kopti, Madli; Kujala, Pentti
A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
Under an increasing maritime transport in the Baltic Sea, and especially in the Gulf of Finland, the possibility of environmental harm and accidents due to shipping pressure is growing. To counteract increasing risks, adequate measures for accident prevention and mitigation of environmental consequences are critically important. The Gulf of Finland Mandatory Ship Reporting System (GOFREP) is a the complex socio-technical maritime transport safety management system that has been in efficient operation since 2004 and it is open to further improvement and development. However, environmental safety is not explicitly covered by the GOFREP so far. According to our working hypothesis, the Systems Theoretic Accident Models and Processes (STAMP) can be extended beyond the area of socio-technical system safety into realm of complex eco-socio-technical systems safety. This paper attempts to demonstrate the conceptual potential of STAMP based on adaptive management of the Maritime Spatial Planning processes and integrated safety management of eco-socio-technical maritime transport system.