Browsing by Author "Mladenovic, Milos"

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100 Social Sciences and Humanities priority research questions for transport and mobility in Horizon Europe
(2020-11) Ryghaug, Marianne; Subotički, Ivana; Wirth, Timo von; Smeds, Emilia; Scherrer, Aline; Foulds, Chris; Bertolini, Luca; Beyazit İnce, Eda; Brand, Ralf; Cohen-Blankshtain, Galit; Dijk, Marc; Freudendal-Pedersen, Marlene; Gössling, Stefan; Guzik, Robert; Kivimaa, Paula; Klöckner, Christian; Lazarova Nikolova, Christina; Lis, Aleksandra; Marquet, Oriol; Milakis, Dimitris; Mladenovic, Milos; Mom, Gijs; Mullen, Caroline; Ortar, Nathalie; Pucci, Paola; Sales Oliveira, Catarina; Schwanen, Tim; Seidenglanz, Daniel; Tuvikene, Tauri; Wentland, Alexander
Commissioned report
The launch of the European Union’s (EU) Horizon Europe programme provides exciting opportunities for Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) research to contribute to the fulfilment of the EU’s ambitious policy goals on energy and climate change. This report presents 100 questions that have been identified by experts as key priorities for SSH research on transport and mobility, in order to inform and support these goals.
The accessibility of tramways in cold climates: A case study of the Helsinki tramway system
(2017-06-12) Jensen, Patrick
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
The accessibility of transportation systems plays a major part in determining whether persons with disabilities can participate as active members of a society. Improving accessibility requires an understanding of the issues faced by persons with disabilities and a means to measure the impact of improvements. The first goal of this thesis is to identify the challenges persons with reduced mobility face when traveling on a tramway system. The second goal is to propose improvements to the indicators used to measure the level of access of a tramway system. The third goal is to propose solutions to the identified issues. The work investigated these questions through a case study of the tramway system in Helsinki, Finland. The central challenges to accessibility in the tramway system were identified through semi-structured interviews and a passenger survey. Stop placement, layout and equipment were found to have a major impact on accessibility. Regular snowfall and freezing temperatures were found to present additional challenges compared to tramway systems in more temperate climates. Vehicles with low-floor entry were found to be much more accessible than older high-floored vehicles. However, usability issues in the folding ramps installed in newer vehicle models present challenges to persons who use a wheelchair or a walker. A survey was conducted among tram drivers to investigate the use practices of these boarding assistance systems. The work proposes a set of indicators to measure and classify the accessibility of both stops and vehicles respectively, based on a literature review of best practices.The work also discusses some accessibility improvements for stops and vehicles, taking into account the constraints set by the climate of Helsinki. A more thorough assessment of potential stop improvements requires more detailed data than is currently available.
Analysis of flat public transport fare: Helsinki region case
(2019-10-21) Flink, Soile-Mari
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
Thesis studies flat tariff as potential pricing model for Helsinki Region Transport. Flat tariff is compared to current zone model through financial analysis, user experiences, benchmarking other cities and evaluating effects on least well-off passengers. Thesis utilizes qualitative methods of expert, individual and group interviews and quantitative methods of price elasticity and trip/income analyses. Behavioural effects are recognized through theoretical framework. Results show that flat tariff is realizable but would demand increased subsidies. Experience of fairness relates with losses; if flat tariff is implemented with the current lowest price level, feeling of injustice should not occur. If price increases would be needed, negative emotions of “losers” are stronger than the joy of “winners”. Flat tariff with AB-zone price level would improve transport justice for all users. Flat tariff is not the optimal model to maximize both revenue and usage, unless the behavioural value for simplicity is expected to be high. However, defining the exact value of simplicity would demand further empirical preference studies. Behavioural eco-nomics is relevant framework for tariff planning, and planners need quantitative methods to combine psychological analysis and economical effects of pricing. In conclusion, thesis recommends remaining to zone model, but to lower prices of C- and D-zones in relation to AB-region.
Analysis of Potential Shift to Low-Carbon Urban Travel Modes: A Computational Framework Based on High-Resolution Smartphone Data
(2020-08) Bagheri Majdabadi, Mehrdad; Mladenovic, Milos; Kosonen, Iisakki; Nurminen, Jukka K.
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Given the necessity to understand the modal shift potentials at the level of individual travel times, emissions, and physically active travel distances, there is a need for accurately computing such potentials from disaggregated data collection. Despite significant development in data collection technology, especially by utilizing smartphones, there are limited efforts in developing useful computational frameworks for this purpose. First, development of a computational framework requires longitudinal data collection of revealed travel behavior of individuals. Second, such a computational framework should enable scalable analysis of time-relevant low-carbon travel alternatives in the target region. To this end, this research presents an open-source computational framework, developed to explore the potential for shifting from private car to lower-carbon travel alternatives. In comparison to previous development, our computational framework estimates and illustrates the changes in travel time in relation to the potential reductions in emission and increases in physically active travel, as well as daily weather conditions. The potential usefulness of the framework was evaluated using long-term travel data of around a hundred travelers within the Helsinki Metropolitan Region, Finland. The case study outcomes also suggest that in several cases traveling by public transport or bike would not increase travel time compared to the observed car travel. Based on the case study results, we discuss potentially acceptable travel times for mode shift, and usefulness of the computational framework for decisions regarding transition to sustainable urban mobility systems. Finally, we discuss limitations and lessons learned for data collection and further development of similar computational frameworks.
Analysis of residential parking norms: Case Helsinki
(2024-06-10) Saloranta, Eetu
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
Parking norms are a part of parking policies of cities. In the parking norms, the amount of parking built, usually the minimum amount, in conjunction with new buildings, are regulated. This can lead to a situation, where new construction creates a lot of parking, which in turn leads to a car-centric city – even if that wasn’t the intention of the planners. While there is a lot of literature on parking norms per se, there does not seem to be a consensus on what specifically the parking norms are based on. On one hand parking norms force developers to facilitate the parking needs they create, but on the other hand the norms themselves enable more demand for parking. In planning practice, parking norms are often seen as strictly a monetary issue. Parking norms also do not take into account the possible change of intended use of a building. Usually, the amount of parking in a building reflects the time period it was built. The research on this aspect seems to be lacking. My aim is to find out, whether the current parking norm in Helsinki is functioning as it is intended, and if not, is it adhered to or not, and what could be the possible improvements to it. My research consists of two parts: a quantitative analysis on detailed plans in Helsinki, which have been implemented all the way to the construction stage. Do the housing projects in these detailed plans indeed have the amount of parking spots allocated by the parking norm or not? The second part of the research is a qualitative research conducted as interviews on urban planners in Helsinki who deal with the parking norm on a daily basis in their work. The quantitative analysis done was found to be lacking due to the insufficient data. If a conclusion was to be drawn, it was that slightly less parking spots were realized than assigned by the norm. From the interviews the main finding was that most urban planners do want some kind of a parking norm, as it is something to lean on. It also makes the amount of parking more uniform across the city and less dependent on individual planners or politicians.
Analysis of service reliability of public transportation in the Helsinki capital region: The case of bus line 550
(2016-12-12) Firew, Tsegaye
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
The rate of automobile ownership in Helsinki Capital Region has been on the rising trajectory, even bypassing population growth rate of the region. The population of the region expected to double in 2050, planning for a sustainable mobility becomes crucial. Effort is being exerted to minimize private car dependence and innovative transport solutions are being tested in the region. Increasing the share of public transport (PT) in the region is the main goal of Helsinki Regional Transport Authority (HSL). To increase the share of PT, improving its efficiency and reliability becomes a crucial strategy by attracting private car users and keeping existing passengers. Therefore, PT agencies need to continuously evaluate the reliability of their service and take improvement actions accordingly. A reliable PT service is one that adheres to schedule and whose vehicles run on-time. It is generally recognized that deviation from schedule (unreliability) in PT is an important operational problem that affects both operators and passengers. Measuring the level of deviation from schedule helps operators and PT authorities identify and improve gaps in service delivery. Recorded large operational data from Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) and Automatic Passenger Counter (APC) provide an opportunity to analyze operational performance quality of a PT with a minimum cost. The objective of the thesis was to analyze service reliability of a circumferential high-frequency bus line 550 in Helsinki Capital Region (HCR) using data from AVL and APC systems. Five different service reliability measures were used in this study. These were on-time performance, headway adherence, vehicle trip-time variability, passenger wait time and passenger travel time. The first three are agency oriented reliability measures and the last two are passenger oriented. This study has provided a quantitative overview over several service performance measures. The results of the agency-based analysis revealed that for trips along direction 1, 60% of all departures at five stops were on-time using 0.5-minutes-early and 1-minute -late time window. The corresponding average headway deviation was 84 seconds, with average vehicle run time of 1.4 minutes. The passenger-based analysis showed that for all trips along direction 1, the average additional waiting time per passenger was 42 seconds with average additional passenger travel time of 1.7 minutes. The APC data analysis along direction 1 revealed that average passenger load was 26.5 passengers per bus per direction. The average highest and lowest passenger loads were 38.3 passengers per bus and 2.7 passengers per bus respectively. Overall, Passenger activity over the first half of the route is characterized by high load which is about twice that of the second half of the route. The overall analysis revealed that performance deteriorated further along the line in both directions. The occurrence of bunching increased towards the end of the route. There is a room for improvement in both agency and passenger oriented measures. Keeping a regular headway on the route is very important, especially for short headway service periods. Passengers perceive reliability mainly in terms of additional waiting and travel time. Improving these aspects of service leads to higher passenger satisfaction which could translate into increased patronage for the PT agency.
Analysis of the walking and cycling networks of the metropolitan area of Barcelona
(2022-10-10) Ferran Carpintero, Víctor
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
The thesis attempts to evaluate the walkable and bikeable networks of the proposal of the Urban Master Plan (PDU) for the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona. The plan proposes a set of new directions towards a shift to sustainable modes of transport and a connected pedestrian and cyclable network through the 36 municipalities. This target, in order to reduce traffic externalities, needs a plan to improve the active modes infrastructure. In this study, the evaluation of such networks in terms of accessibility and betweenness centrality, added to the previous analysis on mixed use density and green infrastructure, provides us with positive results on how the plan improves pedestrian accessibility in the more peripheral areas of the metropolitan area, as well as a general improve of accessibil-ity of the totality of the cyclable network. Also evaluates the suitability for metropolitan avenues, added streets in the master plan and bike paths regarding space syntax theories, which present different results for different areas in the metropolis. This analysis for the Urban Master Plan can be also of interest for other sectors such as geographers, transport planners, or private such as real state.
Analysis of urban demand responsive transport in Helsinki metropolitan area: Case Kutsuplus
(2016-09-19) Ullah, Waqar
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
Public transport plays an important role in shaping the urban and social image of the cities. During the last decade major urban centers of the world are facing a number of the issues due to the challenge of urbanization. More and more people are migrating to cities due to the better employment opportunities and living facilities, moreover the population of the cities is also growing which demands effective and technologically advanced means of sustainable mobility infrastructure which can cope with the rising figure of private car ownership which has become a potential reason of traffic congestion and rise in greenhouse gases. The population of Helsinki Metropolitan Area is also growing and it is estimated that it will get double by 2050 of the current figure. These challenges need to be solved with the advancement made in information and communication technologies as well the growing research in the field of intelligent transport services. In order to translate those advancements in transport sector Helsinki regional Transport Authority piloted for the first time in the world large scale urban Demand Responsive Transport service called Kutsuplus which provided on demand transport service to the customer utilizing the latest routing and trip combining algorithms. It was aimed that the service level provided by Kutsuplus will firstly break the growing dependency on the use of personal car for making trips, secondly will help in tackling the environmental challenges and traffic congestion and thirdly will become a potential source of revenue for the agency. This study introduces us to the demand responsive transport and its previous role as well the latest advancement made during the last decades in provision of such transport services, moreover it also introduces us to the urban form, traffic development and transport infrastructure of Helsinki Metropolitan Area. The main research objective of this thesis focuses on the detail analysis of the Kutsuplus pilot project which continued during 2012-2015 in HMA. The survey conducted as a part of research methodology forms the basic part of this study which provides a deep insight into experiences regarding Kutsuplus from the user of the service, non-user and users who discontinued. Moreover, it also identifies the respondent’s car travel frequency, taxi usage and the most common trip purpose for which they used this service. This study also investigates the service acceptance and performance based on user experiences, along with the potential operational reasons and shortcomings in policy level practices which contributed to low ridership and revenue despite high population and employment densities, high operational cost and finally the shutdown of the service. Lessons are drawn and conclusions are made on the basis of the survey results, operational statistics from the Kutsuplus service and guidelines in context of earlier case studies regarding demand responsive services.
Analysis on the experiential quality of São Paulo, Brazil
(2019) Nieto-Linares, Diana Antuané
School of Arts, Design and Architecture | Master's thesis
This qualitative research study analyses individual city experiences in relation to macro-issues (i.e.: societal, economic, land use and transportation development) in the context of São Paulo (Brazil) as a global city. The aim is to explore a possible interdependency between the macro- and micro-dynamics (i.e.: quality of urban spaces in relation to user’s experience) of the city. Methodology involves a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, where the former is used to assess macro-issues in the city while the latter is used to address micro-issues (i.e.: the experience of urban spaces). Quantitative data collection involves Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and statistics while qualitative data is based in the participation of six individuals living in São Paulo. Participants documented their journeys through pictures and subsequent semi structured interviews explored their perception of the built environment. Information gathered from the participants is analysed via journey mapping and photo referencing. Results address the quality of urban spaces that is missing from the quantitative macro-analyses. Ultimately, both sets of data are combined to establish a possible interdependency between outer factors shaping macro- and micro-environments. Critique on existing urban typologies in São Paulo is made for further evidencing the lack of sensitive and inclusive design solutions in the city. This approach further anchors the relation between citizens and the built environment as it provides insights for the experiential quality of urban spaces. This study aims to contribute to the field of urban planning for development that is relatable to societal values as a way of improving people’s well-being in an urban context.
Assessing accessbiIlity to essential services by sustainable transportation in urban areas
(2024-09-30) León Acevedo, Carlos Arturo
School of Engineering | Master's thesis
This thesis critiques the notion that focusing solely on travel time thresholds, such as the 10- or 15-minute city model, is insufficient for achieving comprehensive accessibility. It argues for a broader, more integrated strategy that improves infrastructure, service distribution, and housing affordability. Using the PEAI framework, the study emphasizes that accessibility involves more than proximity; it requires inclusivity and functionality for all socio-economic groups. A case study in Vancouver illustrates how gaps in accessibility persist despite favorable travel times, due to car dependency and uneven municipal investment. The research assesses the accessibility of essential urban services by walking and cycling, factoring in amenity capacities to calculate travel times. By identifying accessibility gaps, the study suggests strategies for more equitable service distribution, contributing to sustainable urban planning and the creation of healthier and livable cities.
Assessment of large-scale transitions in public transport networks using open timetable data: case of Helsinki metro extension
(2019-07-01) Weckström, Christoffer; Kujala, Rainer; Mladenovic, Milos; Saramäki, Jari
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Transforming a direct radial network to a trunk-feeder system is an often-argued method of large-scale overhaul in public transport networks. In planning such large-scale network overhauls, planners are often facing a dilemma when trying to achieve a careful balance between efficiency and equity, as overhaul might result in an unequal distribution of benefits and burdens for end users. Despite theoretically well-known trade-offs between trunk-branch and trunk-feeder networks, there are limited empirical studies documented from the user perspective, accounting for both travel time and transfers. Conventional methods used in practice, such as cost-benefit analyses, are often lacking the capacity to take into account equity effects. Having in mind the need for drawing lessons from actual overhauls, this research presents the assessment of changes in travel time and number of transfers brought about by the Helsinki metro extension, which involved the transformation of a direct bus network to a metro system with feeder buses. To this end, we develop a methodology for assessment of large-scale public transport network overhauls, building upon the previous development in service-equity assessment methods. Based on the use of open timetable data, the methodology centers on continuous journey calculations between all public transport access points. Thus, this methodology highlights the changes in travel time and transfers that would not be noticed in an aggregate assessment approach. In particular, the methodology reveals the disaggregate effects of the network overhaul from a three-level spatial perspective. As a result, this before-after study contributes to the understanding of the trade-offs between trunk-branch and trunk-feeder networks, while providing planning process recommendations for future large-scale public transport network overhauls.
Asset management of gravel roads: Mobile mapping and data science approach
(2024-12-30) Zhao, Wenchan
School of Engineering | Master's thesis
Gravel roads play a vital role in maintaining connectivity and supporting economic activities, particularly in rural areas. However, the assessment and maintenance of these roads face challenges due to their vulnerability to environmental conditions, such as erosion, rutting, and seasonal changes. Traditional manual inspections, commonly used for gravel road management, are labour-intensive, costly, and prone to errors, particularly when handling large-scale networks. Additionally, existing research in road geometry analysis often focuses on paved roads, leaving gravel roads underexplored. This creates a critical gap in developing automated, efficient, and reliable methods for detecting geometric anomalies specific to gravel roads, which are essential for ensuring road safety and serviceability. This thesis proposes an innovative approach to address this gap by integrating advanced mobile mapping techniques with data science algorithms. Using a laser scanning system, high-resolution road profile data were collected across 39,301 meters of gravel roads in Finland. The algorithm employs B-spline interpolation to reduce noise and smooth the road profiles, with gradient estimation and additional numerical tricks to detect key anomalies such as intersections, road widening, and structural features like bridges. Independent analysis of the left and right sides of the road enhances the algorithm’s ability to handle asymmetric features, while convolution-based smoothing ensures resilience to noise and irregularities in the dataset. The methodology was designed to address the limitations of traditional approaches by offering an automated and adaptive solution. The results demonstrate the robustness of the algorithm, with accurate detection of intersections, road widening, and bridges. This research addresses the limitations of traditional manual inspections by offering an automated, scalable solution. The findings contribute to proactive gravel road management strategies, aligning with Finland’s National Transport System Plan (2021–2032) to enhance road maintenance efficiency and sustainability. Future research will focus on improving label accuracy, addressing complex scenarios such as overlapping anomalies, and expanding the dataset to include varied geographic conditions, making this approach adaptable to broader global applications.
Changes in public transport ridership: Implications from Helsinki tramways cases
(2020-08-17) Metsälampi, Sakari
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
The constitution of ridership has been the focus of extensive transit research. Studies on the subject range from empirical model-driven, statistical analyses to literature reviews, case studies and behavioral research. While, most studies tend to focus on statistical modeling establishing correlations, there is an increasing demand for elaboration and local analyses via case studies. Understanding elements of ridership creation is essential for cities aiming for sustainability as is the case with Helsinki, the capital of Finland. The city’s most recent master plan strives for greener, urban mixed land use and Helsinki’s tramways are key to the implementation of said master plan. The tramways are on a threshold of a great expansion, as many light rail and city tramway projects are beginning to be realized. This surge has resulted in many recent theses on tramways in Finland – along the growing interest in the transport mode. This thesis approaches the topical question via two case studies from the Helsinki’s tramways. The first case follows the evolution of the network and ridership, culminating in the most recent overhaul, the RAILI network, applied in August of 2017, and its effects. The first case study allows for analysis of ridership changes in a wider context and in terms of network topology and service provided. The approach focuses on service supply, the number of kilometers and hours operated and their influence on ridership. The other case is centered around the impact of Hämeentie street renovation, which transformed the line formation and narrowed the tramways’ reach in the eastern inner-city. The sudden change enabled a review of changing passenger behavior patterns on a more focused level. The data utilized is collected through automatic door counters (ADCs), that are installed in HKL operated trams. The passenger data is mirrored to operational performance indicators. The findings point to a straight positive relation between ridership and network formation; service quantity and quality. Both case studies confirmed, that ridership correlates with service frequency and the number of non-transfer destinations available. The increases in boardings brought about by RAILI are focused on network sections where tram services increased. The decreases can be located to sections, where tram services have been reduced – the most drastic decreases can be paired where the number of non-transfer destinations were cut.
A collection of public transport network data sets for 25 cities
(2018) Kujala, Rainer; Weckström, Johan; Darst, Richard; Mladenovic, Milos; Saramäki, Jari
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Various public transport (PT) agencies publish their route and timetable information with the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) as the standard open format. Timetable data are commonly used for PT passenger routing. They can also be used for studying the structure and organization of PT networks, as well as the accessibility and the level of service these networks provide. However, using raw GTFS data is challenging as researchers need to understand the details of the GTFS data format, make sure that the data contain all relevant modes of public transport, and have no errors. To lower the barrier for using GTFS data in research, we publish a curated collection of 25 cities' public transport networks in multiple easy-to-use formats including network edge lists, temporal network event lists, SQLite databases, GeoJSON files, and the GTFS data format. This collection promotes the study of how PT is organized across the globe, and also provides a testbed for developing tools for PT network analysis and PT routing algorithms.
A computational framework for revealing competitive travel times with low carbon modes based on smartphone data collection
(2020) Bagheri Majdabadi, Mehrdad; Mladenovic, Milos; Kosonen, Iisakki; Nurminen, Jukka K.; Roncoli, Claudio; Ylä-Jääski, Antti
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Evaluating potential of shifting to low-carbon transport modes requires considering limited travel-time budget of travelers. Despite previous studies focusing on time-relevant modal shift, there is a lack of integrated and transferable computational frameworks, which would use emerging smartphone-based high-resolution longitudinal travel datasets. This research explains and illustrates a computational framework for this purpose. The proposed framework compares observed trips with computed alternative trips and estimates the extent to which alternatives could reduce carbon emission without a significant increase in travel time. The framework estimates potential of substituting observed car and public-transport trips with lower-carbon modes, evaluating parameters per individual traveler as well as for the whole city, from a set of temporal and spatial viewpoints. The illustrated parameters include the size and distribution of modal shifts, emission savings, and increased active-travel growth, as clustered by target mode, departure time, trip distance, and spatial coverage throughout the city. Parameters are also evaluated based on the frequently repeated trips. We evaluate usefulness of the method by analyzing door-to-door trips of a few hundred travelers, collected from smartphone traces in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland, during several months. The experiment's preliminary results show that, for instance, on average, 20% of frequent car trips of each traveler have a low-carbon alternative, and if the preferred alternatives are chosen, about 8% of the carbon emissions could be saved. In addition, it is seen that the spatial potential of bike as an alternative is much more sporadic throughout the city compared to that of bus, which has relatively more trips from/to city center. With few changes, the method would be applicable to other cities, bringing possibly different quantitative results. In particular, having more thorough data from large number of participants could provide implications for transportation researchers and planners to identify groups or areas for promoting mode shift. Finally, we discuss the limitations and lessons learned, highlighting future research directions.
Consideration of prospective passenger increases in rail transport planning phase: Case of Neckar-Alb light rail system
(2024-09-30) Wiest, Florian Seraph
School of Engineering | Master's thesis
Public transport investment requires public funding. However, to receive money from the state budgets every investment must provide proof that the involved benefits surpass the costs. Core element of the benefit determination is a prognosis of the expected ridership. A statistical analysis of past cases shows that the forecasts constantly fall short of the actual demand once the measures take up operation and that constant annual ridership growth rates between 1% and 5% are to be expected. This results in a tendency to under design rail infrastructure that is then not dimensioned for this growing demand, thereby creating negative effects for the net use of the provided public transport. This thesis aims to show how reliant CBA and passenger demand forecasting results are in the context of the ‘Standardised Evaluation Procedure’ used in German regional railway planning and what challenges their limitations impose. At the case of the Neckar-Alb light rail system an examination is performed of how robust this network is, to face unplanned prospective passenger increase. The capacity limits, critical segments and relevant bottlenecks are determined. Wherever necessary, solutions are developed and proposed to resolve these relevant constraints. The results show the limitations of CBA-tools, but also confirm their use for decision making in public planning processes. By adapting and reforming the procedures more accurate results can be reached representing the socio-economic validation and create robust transport systems to manage realistic passenger increase. The case study shows that comparably cheap expansion measures are often sufficient to provide a significant increase in capacity if preliminary measures were taken in due time. However, the funding possibilities for these far-sighted investments remain difficult and require additional refurbishment.
Contribution to accident prediction models development for rural two-lane roads in Serbia
(2016-08-01) Glavić, Draženko; Mladenovic, Milos; Stevanovic, Aleksandar; Tubić, Vladan; Milenković, Marina; Vidas, Marijo
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Over the last three decades numerous research efforts have been conducted worldwide to determine the relationship between traffic accidents and traffic and road characteristics. So far, the mentioned studies have not been carried out in Serbia and in the region. This paper represents one of the first attempts to develop accident prediction models in Serbia. The paper provides a comprehensive literature review, describes procedures for collection and analysis of the traffic accident data, as well as the methodology used to develop the accident prediction models. The paper presents models obtained by both univariate and multivariate regression analyses. The obtained results are compared to the results of other studies and comparisons are discussed. Finally, the paper presents conclusions and important points for future research. The results of this research can find theoretical as well as practical application.
A cooperative framework for Universal Basic Mobility System: Mobility credits approach
(2019-12) Mladenovic, Milos; Abbas, Montasir M.; Roncoli, Claudio; Bozorg Chenani, Sanaz
A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
Development of integrated mobility and traffic management strategies is an important aspect of the ongoing transition of urban mobility systems. Extending from existing credit schemes, this research presents a system design and evaluation of a framework based on the principle of Universal Basic Mobility. In particular, using premises of long-term cooperation and hierarchical self-organization, the system design includes user-based Mobility Credits interrelated with Priority Levels. To complement the cooperation framework, system architecture is formulated in line with the distributed ledger technology. The proposed framework is tested using web-based interaction in the form of stated-preference experiment. Results are analyzed through statistical distributions and a discrete-choice model of user decision-making within the proposed framework. This research concludes that this framework could nudge uses towards reciprocity and altruism in their travelling behavior. In addition, experiment participants have provided a range of comments related to positive features, potential for failure, and further development. Finally, the paper ends by raising several implications for wider citizen participation in the integrated mobility system design and evaluation.
Cycling education and cooperation development: Case Finland
(2024-09-24) Elmas, Emre
School of Engineering | Master's thesis
The transition to sustainable urban mobility necessitates that urban and mobility planners adapt and update their knowledge and practices to meet evolving demands. As cycling is a mode of sustainable urban mobility it has different needs than vehicle-based planning and designing. So, both the education of future planners and continuous professional development of current planners is expected to reflect this shift. One another key aspect of this transition is cooperating with diverse stakeholders. Within this scope, this research aims to investigate improving the university-level cycling education, lifelong learning process of professionals and developing stakeholder collaboration in the scope of cycling by focusing on Finland. The research employs a mixed-methods approach which consists of curriculum scanning, expert interviews, and a workshop. Based on the findings, comprehensive models for cycling education in universities, professional-level cycling education and stakeholder collaboration have been prepared. The model for university education consists of three sub-pillars as Motivational, Strategical and Tactical while Motivational pillar explains how to inspire, motivate and engage students, the Strategical one emphasizes the fundamental objectives of teaching cycling, and the Tactical one identifies recommended specific con-tent and pedagogical methods. Additionally, the study highlights the need for a robust framework for stakeholder collaboration is important. These include establishing communication plans on national, local and entity level, creating professional networks to exchange know-how and experiences, and developing lifelong learning opportunities for professionals. Key recommendations also include the development of adaptive and living guidelines, the establishment of city-to-city mentorship programs, and the creation of certification programme for cycling expertise. Overall, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on sustainable urban mobility by offering a strategic approach to improve cycling education and stakeholder collaboration with the goal of fostering a more integrated and ef-fective cycling and urban mobility system.
Cycling experience in built environment. Case study in the city of Trnava
(2023-08-21) Ďurta, Michal
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
In the times of global focus on sustainable urban mobility, many cities are implementing different measures, policies, and infrastructure to support safe and efficient modes of transportation. However, it is important to acknowledge that mistakes can occur even among those who are actively working towards a sustainable transition. Recognizing and addressing these mistakes is essential for learning and preventing their recurrence. The purpose of this study is to examine the bicycle network in Trnava, which is renowned as the most "bike-friendly" city in the Slovak Republic (Startitup group, 2018). However, despite the continuous expansion of the bicycle network in the city, it is not attracting an adequate number of new cyclists. The thesis will investigate how the network is perceived by the users, what are the positive and negative sides, and recommend future improvements.